A cikin manyan fasahohin nuni na ƙarshen zamani, OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) da QLED (Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diode) babu shakka manyan maki biyu ne. Kodayake sunayensu suna kama da juna, sun bambanta sosai a cikin ka'idodin fasaha, aiki, da tsarin masana'antu, kusan suna wakiltar hanyoyin ci gaba guda biyu mabanbanta don fasahar nuni.
Ainihin, fasahar nunin OLED ta dogara ne akan ka'idar electroluminescence na halitta, yayin da QLED ya dogara da injin lantarki ko na'urar luminescent na dige ƙididdiga na inorganic. Tunda kayan inorganic gabaɗaya suna da mafi girman yanayin zafi da kwanciyar hankali, QLED a ka'idar yana da fa'idodi dangane da kwanciyar hankali da tsawon rayuwa. Wannan kuma shine dalilin da ya sa mutane da yawa ke la'akari da QLED jagora mai ban sha'awa don fasahar nuni na gaba.
A taƙaice, OLED yana fitar da haske ta hanyar kayan halitta, yayin da QLED ke fitar da haske ta ɗigon ƙima. Idan LED (Haske-Emitting Diode) aka kwatanta da "mahaifiyar," to Q da O wakiltar biyu daban-daban "mahaifi" hanyoyin fasaha. LED da kanta, a matsayin na'urar da ke fitar da haske ta semiconductor, tana sha'awar makamashin haske lokacin da halin yanzu ke wucewa ta cikin kayan luminescent, cimma canjin hoto.
Kodayake duka OLED da QLED sun dogara ne akan ainihin ƙa'idar fitar da haske na LED, sun zarce nunin LED na gargajiya dangane da ingantaccen haske, ƙimar pixel, aikin launi, da sarrafa amfani da kuzari. Nuni na LED na yau da kullun sun dogara da kwakwalwan kwamfuta na semiconductor, tare da tsarin masana'anta mai sauƙi. Hatta manyan nunin nunin faifan LED masu ƙarami na iya cimma ƙaramin ƙaramin pixel na 0.7 mm a halin yanzu. Sabanin haka, duka OLED da QLED suna buƙatar babban bincike na kimiyya da ƙa'idodi daga kayan zuwa masana'antar na'ura. A halin yanzu, ƙasashe kaɗan ne kawai kamar Jamus, Japan, da Koriya ta Kudu ke da ikon shiga cikin sarƙoƙin samar da kayayyaki na sama, wanda ke haifar da babban shingen fasaha.
Tsarin masana'antu wani babban bambanci ne. Cibiyar samar da haske ta OLED ita ce kwayoyin halitta, wanda a halin yanzu galibi suna amfani da tsarin ƙaura - sarrafa kayan halitta zuwa ƙananan tsarin kwayoyin halitta a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai zafi sannan kuma a sake mayar da su daidai kan takamaiman matsayi. Wannan hanyar tana buƙatar yanayin muhalli mai girman gaske, ta ƙunshi matakai masu rikitarwa da takamaiman kayan aiki, kuma mafi mahimmanci, tana fuskantar ƙalubale masu mahimmanci wajen biyan bukatun samar da manyan fuska.
A gefe guda, cibiyar samar da haske na QLED shine semiconductor nanocrystals, wanda za'a iya narkar da shi a cikin mafita daban-daban. Wannan yana ba da damar yin shiri ta hanyoyin hanyoyin warwarewa, kamar fasahar bugawa. A gefe guda, wannan na iya rage farashin masana'anta yadda ya kamata, kuma a gefe guda, yana karya ta iyakokin girman allo, faɗaɗa yanayin aikace-aikacen.
A taƙaice, OLED da QLED suna wakiltar kololuwar fasahar samar da haske na kwayoyin halitta da marasa ƙarfi, kowanne yana da nasa ƙarfi da rauninsa. OLED an san shi don ƙimar bambanci mai girman gaske da halayen nuni masu sassauƙa, yayin da QLED ya fi son kwanciyar hankali na kayan sa da yuwuwar farashi. Ya kamata masu amfani su yi zaɓi bisa ainihin buƙatun amfanin su.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-10-2025